Finding a Good Self-Employed Solo 401k Administrator

As I’ve mentioned in my SEP IRA versus Solo 401(k) comparison, the problem with the additional paperwork involved with a 401(k) is that you have to find an administrator that is willing to do it for you at minimal cost. Compare that with the SEP-IRA, you can usually walk up to many brokers, open up an account, and start trading anything with no annual fees and just commissions.

For example, I opened up my SEP-IRA last year with Vanguard, but I can’t open up a Self-Employed 401(k) with them directly as they won’t be my administrator. The only option I found was to go through a third-party administrator like 401kBrokers, which charges an annual maintenance fee of 0.25% of the account balance. I think the fees are pretty fair considering there is no setup fee or other annual fees, but I still don’t want to pay them if I don’t have to.
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Self-Employed Solo 401k vs. SEP-IRA Basics

If you have self-employment income, there are a variety of ways to save some taxes and put some away for retirement. As I have no employees, right now my top two choices are the SEP-IRA (Simplified Employee Pension), which I used for 2005, and the Self-Employed/Solo 401k. After a bunch of reading, here’s what it boils down to:

SEP-IRA: Allows tax-deductible contributions and tax-deferred growth. Easy to set up at basically any broker. Very minimal paperwork involved.

Self-Employed 401k: Similar tax advantages as SEP-IRA, but with more paperwork, a more limited number of administrators, and higher contribution limits.
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Book Review: Yes, You Can Still Retire Comfortably!

After reading their investing book Yes, You Can Time The Market! and liking their writing style and slightly different view on things, I decided to read Ben Stein and Phil DeMuth’s book on retirement – Yes, You Can Still Retire Comfortably!

Even though this book is targetted at Baby Boomers worried about their impending retirement, and I’m still in my 20s, it was an interesting read. First, they scare you with (true) tales of underfunded pension plans, a shaky Social Security system, and rising healthcare costs. Obviously, you need to do something about it!
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How Much Of Your Salary Should You Save For Retirement?

This is a difficult question to ask, but this paper I ran across entitled ‘Savings Rates and “Economic Security” in Retirement’ tries to take a stab at it. Here is the abstract:

Some simple number crunching using historical market return data for retirement planning. How much do we need to save to provide for a comfortable and secure retirement?

Here are some of his initial assumptions:
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Save Towards House Down Payment or Retirement?

If you know you need a big house downpayment in a year for a $500,000 house, do you:

A) Totally minimize your retirement contributions (just get your 401k match if any), and save everything else towards that downpayment, knowing at best you’ll get about 20% down?

B) Plan to save enough so that you’ll get at least 10% down (enough for a 80/10/10 loan), but put the rest away in tax-deferred accounts?

I’m shifting towards B, as I just don’t know if I want to have so much of our net worth tied up in a house. This way, I have a more balanced distribution as well as more money tucked away to grow until retirement. But then again, I’ll probably have to pay a higher rate for the piggyback loan or PMI. Thoughts?

August 2006 Retirement Portfolio / Cash Snapshot

Here is another snapshot of my retirement portfolio as of market close 8/3. I haven’t bought or sold any funds since my last update. I hope to use this data later to better track my overall investment returns.

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Retire to Mexico?

mexflag.jpgI found out that a friend of mine’s parents have been retired in Mexico for years now as US expats. Supposedly the housing and living expenses are affordable, taxes are low, and the healthcare is reasonably good. I have no idea if any of these things are true, and obviously this is not for everyone, but according to him they are very happy there. Good weather, nice people, and so on.

I wonder, where are other popular international places to retire? Asia? Africa? Western Europe sounds more expensive. I doubt that I would really want to retire away from family, but the idea has a certain charm.

June 2006 Retirement Portfolio / Cash Snapshot

In addition to my monthly net worth updates, I’ve decided to also take snapshot of my investing portfolio and my overall asset allocation. I want to also track any fund or ETF purchases so that I can better calculate my actual returns over time.

I haven’t decided whether to do it monthly or quarterly, but here’s my retirement portfolio as of today:

Retirement Portfolio
Fund $ %
IVV – iShares S&P 500 Index ETF $9,500 15%
VIVAX – V [Large-Cap] Value Index $11,700 19%
VISVX – V. Small-Cap Value Index $12,000 19%
VGSIX – V. REIT Index $7,100 12%
VTRIX – V. International Value $6,500 11%
VEIEX – V. Emerging Markets Stock Index $5,900 10%
VFICX – V. Int-Term Investment-Grade Bond $7,100 12%
BRSIX – Bridgeway Ultra-Small Market $1,900 3%
Total $59,800
June Fund Transactions
None.

I also decided, after meaning to do it for a long time, to track my “what I could come up with in 24 hours” cash balance as well as my current metric of “non-retirement” funds for my Mid-Term goal. This Liquid Available Cash is a better measurement of how much money I could put towards a house down payment as it removes things like my 0% balance transfer money, and my car equity. My small individual stock portfolio is included because I would just sell them as needed.

Right now, I’m just putting down my best estimate.

Liquid Available Cash $25,000 (est.)

Thoughts

The stock market overall ain’t doing so hot. I wish I had more money to dollar-cost average, but I think I have already put too much money into retirement and have neglected my cash needs. I am going to keep most of the money I make this summer in cash accounts and hopefully pump up that $25,000 number a bit.

I am also considering moving my IVV S&P 500 ETF holdings, which are currently in a taxable account at Scottrade, to a Self-Employed 401k (administrator unknown). Since they are currently at a loss, I won’t have any capital gains tax to pay if I sell and I’ll just need to find an appropriate ETF to avoid wash-sale rules. I’ll also be able to harvest some tax losses.

Fidelity 401k Decisions

So while we were gone the details were announced for my wife’s 401k. It appears that there is a 1.5% flat contribution (regardless of how much you contribute) instead of the match that was mentioned previously, and also some sort of performance-based bonus of up to another 1.5%. So far it is very vague as to what those performance targets are. Another piece of good news is that the plan administrator is Fidelity.

We only have a few days left to sign up with our own options, otherwise we get put initially into the default plan, which is just the 1.5% flat contribution invested into Fidelity’s Auto-Pilot Freedom Funds.
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401ks: How Does Your Employer Match Up?

My last post got me to thinking – How many companies match 401ks, and how much? My old employer matched 100% up to 6%, with full vesting in 5 years. Here is some 2006 data via a press release from a company called Aon Consulting:

This study also shows that 85 percent of organizations make contributions to employee 401(k), 403(b) and 457 plans to a certain level. In fact, 29 percent of companies offer a 100 percent match on employee contributions, while 7 percent provide a 75 percent match and 39 percent of employers match 50 percent of employee contributions. The level to which companies provide a match varies, based on employee contribution. More than 40 percent of organizations match employee contributions of 6 percent or more of pay, 16 percent match pay contributions between 5 percent and 6 percent, and 18 percent of companies match employee contributions between 4 percent and 5 percent of pay.

Good News: Wife Is Getting A 401k!

Several of you mentioned that I should increase my wife’s 401k contributions after her recent raise. Great advice, but alas, she had no 401k. We were a 401k-less family. I say were because it looks like soon her employer is giving her one! Details are a bit fuzzy, but it looks like she gets a 100% match up to 1.5%. Not going to win any employer-of-the-year awards, but hey it’s progress. I really hope the administrator is Vanguard or Fidelity, but I as long as the fees aren’t onerous and there are some index funds I’ll be happy.

$89 million dollars of employer matches were left on the table in 2003. I hope none of y’all out there are giving up your 401k matches. It’s the quintessential free money! Money gurus agree: Everyone should be contributing to max out the employer match even if you have credit card debt. Where else can you get an instant 50-100% return on your money (depending on your specific match)?
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Merging SEP and Rollover IRA Funds with Traditional IRA

I love Vanguard, but it seems all their funds require $3,000 to open, except for the STAR fund, which really doesn’t interest me. Unfortunately, I could only contribute $2,500 to my SEP-IRA for 2005. Arrgh. The good thing is that, if you have a regular Traditional IRA with them, you can simply have them transfer the funds from your SEP-IRA or Rollover IRA into your Traditional IRA. There are no tax consequences and it doesn’t affect your IRA contribution limits. That way, you have a bigger chunk of money that is easier to work with, and can help you avoid low-balance fees and minimum balance requirements.

Now, instead of having three IRAs ($8.7k Traditional, $16k 401k Rollover, and $2.5k SEP), I just have one with $27k that is invested as I like. I don’t know if I’ll do a SEP-IRA again this year, I just didn’t have the option before of an individual 401ks since I had to open one up by the end of the year. I wish these financial companies would step it up and start offering Roth Individual 401ks already!